'Plasma gun' technology could transform space laundry and sanitation for future missions

August 7, 2026 - 18:15

Researchers at The University of Alabama in Huntsville are working on a novel approach to keep astronauts clean and healthy on long-duration spaceflights. The team is developing a handheld device that uses cold plasma to break down contaminants on surfaces and fabrics, potentially replacing the bulky washing machines and harsh chemical wipes currently used on the International Space Station.

The technology, sometimes described as a plasma gun, works by generating an ionized gas that can kill bacteria and degrade organic matter without high heat or liquid detergents. This is a major advantage in orbit, where water is precious and every drop must be recycled. Current laundry methods on the ISS simply involve wearing clothes until they are too dirty, then discarding them, which adds to waste and requires frequent resupply missions.

The UAH team believes their plasma device could be used to sanitize spacesuits, exercise gear, and even food preparation areas. It could also help with personal hygiene, offering a way to clean skin without water. The research is still in early stages, but the potential is significant. If successful, the technology would not only reduce the mass and cost of future missions but also improve crew morale and health. Longer trips, such as a journey to Mars, will require self-contained systems for cleaning and waste management, and this plasma approach might be a key piece of that puzzle. The next steps involve testing the device on more complex surfaces and verifying its effectiveness against a wider range of microbes.